Timeline of the life of Arturo Toscanini
1867
Born in Parma, Italy on March 25
1876-85 Studies at Parma's Royal School of Music
1886 Makes debut as conductor in Rio de Janeiro on June 30; Italian
debut in Turin on Nov. 4 conducting Catalani's Edmea
1886-94 Conducts at various Italian opera houses; directs premiere
of Pagliacci, May 21, 1892
1895 Appointed director of Teatro Regio, Turin; where he directs
Italian premiere of Götterdämmerung
1896 Conducts both the world premiere of La Bohème
on Feb. 1 and makes debut as symphonic conductor on March 20 at the Regio
1897 Marries Carla de Martini (1877-1951)
1898 Son Walter born; leaves the Regio to become principal conductor
of La Scala
1899 Conducts Italian premiere of Siegfried at La Scala
1900 Daughter Wally born; directs Italian premiere of Eugene
Onegin
1901 Son Giorgio born; conducts first season in Buenos Aires
1903 Leaves La Scala; conducts in Buenos Aires and Montevideo
1904 Conducts in Buenos Aires and Montevideo
1906 Returns to La Scala; conducts in Buenos Aires and Montevideo;
son Giorgio dies of diptheria in Buenos Aires
1907 Daughter Wanda born
1908 Conducts Italian premiere of Pelléas et Mélisande
at La Scala; leaves La Scala and becomes principal conductor at the Metropolitan
Opera Company in New York City
1910 Takes Metropolitan on tour to Paris; directs world premiere
of Fanciulla del West in New York
1912 Conducts opera season at Teatro Colón, Buenos Aires
1915 Leaves Metropolitan
1915-18 Conducts only benefit performances and only in Italy
1920 Returns to La Scala; reorganizes its artistic and financial
adminstration
1920-21 Takes new La Scala Orchestra on Italian and North American
tour; makes first recordings during North American tour for RCA Victor
1921 Reopens La Scala on December 26 with Falstaff
1926 Debut with New York Philharmonic; conducts world premiere
of Turandot at La Scala
1927 Becomes co-conductor, with Mengelberg, of New York Philharmonic
1929 Takes La Scala company on their first tour to Vienna and Berlin;
resigns from La Scala; becomes Principal Conductor (Music Director) of
New York Philharmonic
1930 Takes New York Philharmonic on its first tour of Europe; becomes
first non-German to conduct at Bayreuth Festival
1931 Assaulted by Fascist thugs in Bologna; refuses to conduct
again in Italy during the Fascist regime; returns to Bayreuth
1933 Withdraws from Bayreuth after Hitler comes to power; debut
with Vienna Philharmonic in Vienna
1934-35 Conducts Vienna Philharmonic in Vienna
1935 Debut with BBC Symphony in London; debut at Salzburg Festival
1936 Resigns from New York Philharmonic; conducts Vienna Philharmonic
both in Vienna and Salzburg
1936-37 Conducts inaugural concerts of new orchestra in Palestine
(later named Israel Philharmonic) in Tel-Aviv, Jerusalem and Haifa; takes
them to Egypt for concerts in Alexandria and Cairo
1937 Conducts BBC Symphony concerts; conducts Vienna Philharmonic
in Vienna and Salzburg; returns to New York to conduct new NBC Symphony
1938 Withdraws from Salzburg Festival after Nazi take over; conducts
first concerts of new Lucerne Festival; conducts BBC Symphony; conducts
Israel Philharmonic
1939 Conducts at Lucerne Festival; last appearances with the BBC
Symphony
1940 Takes NBC Symphony on tour of South America
1946 Conducts inaugural concert at La Scala reopening on May 11;
last appearances at Lucerne Festival
1948 First television appearances with NBC Symphony
1950 Takes NBC Symphony on United States tour
1952 Final appearances in Italy (La Scala) and London (Philharmonia
Orchestra)
1954 Final concert of his career on April 4 with NBC Symphony
1957 Has stroke on January 1; dies on January 16
